threshold
/ˈθreʃ.həʊld/
阈值；触发动作电位所需的临界水平
When membrane potential reaches threshold, voltage-gated sodium channels open rapidly and initiate an action potential.
当膜电位达到阈值时，电压门控钠通道会迅速打开并启动动作电位。
demo output
Bilingual Slide Study Kit
A lecture PDF becomes an exam-focused HTML page: slide images, bilingual terminology, source-grounded explanations, and short-answer sentences students can actually memorize.
Terminology Cards
artifact
/ˈɑː.tɪ.fækt/
伪迹；由测量系统或运动产生的非生理信号
In electrophysiology, artifacts must be separated from biological signals before interpreting neural activity.
在电生理学中，必须先把伪迹与生物信号区分开，才能解释神经活动。
excitability
/ɪkˌsaɪ.təˈbɪl.ə.ti/
兴奋性；细胞或网络对刺激产生反应的能力
Changes in excitability can alter whether the same stimulation intensity produces a measurable response.
兴奋性的变化会影响同样强度的刺激是否能够产生可测量的反应。
Exam-Ready Short Answers
English answer
An action potential is a rapid, all-or-none change in membrane potential caused by coordinated opening and closing of voltage-gated ion channels.
动作电位是膜电位快速的、全或无式的变化，由电压门控离子通道协调开启和关闭所导致。
English answer
Signal preprocessing is necessary because raw recordings often contain noise, artifacts, and baseline drift that can distort interpretation.
信号预处理是必要的，因为原始记录通常包含噪声、伪迹和基线漂移，这些都会扭曲解释。
Reusable Workflow
1. ExtractRender selected slide screenshots and text from a lecture PDF.
2. ExplainUse the Codex skill to create bilingual, exam-oriented explanations.
3. MemorizeReview terminology cards and English short-answer sentences.
4. VerifyCheck mobile readability, image paths, and source labels before studying.